Allow Python user type pass through Beam SQL by Abacn · Pull Request #38206 · apache/beam

Abacn · 2026-04-15T20:37:10Z

Currently Python SDK's Row can have arbitrary type and work within Python SDK, but not language boundary. There are many missing connections to make it work from Python->Java/Beam SQL->Python end-to-end.

This change completes most missing point. Beam Row with Python user type (backed by FastPrimitiveCoder and with pythonsdk_any logical type urn) can now be recognized decoded by Java.

Complete pythonsdk_any logical type representation def. Otherwise Java side SchemaTranslation for this logical type would fail
Handle PassthroughLogicalType in Beam SQL. Allow Beam SQL treat PassthroughLogicalType as its base type
Fix nested bytes in Beam SQL
Introduce a schema option for compact encoding for static non-null schema
Support BYTE atomic type in Python

Please add a meaningful description for your change here

However due to Beam Row->Calcite Row->Beam Row mapping losing the originally logical type schema, the output Row becomes a Row instead of language type (this limitation is related to #24019). At least the pipeline expansion no longer fail for xlang pipeline involving Any typehints

Fix #21024; fix #20738

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gemini-code-assist · 2026-04-15T20:40:21Z

Summary of Changes

Hello, I'm Gemini Code Assist¹! I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my feedback shortly. In the meantime, here's a summary to help you and other reviewers quickly get up to speed!

This pull request significantly enhances Apache Beam's capabilities for handling Python user types within Beam SQL. It refines the definition of the pythonsdk_any logical type, ensuring seamless interoperability between Python and Java SDKs. The changes also introduce robust support for PassThroughLogicalType in SQL queries, allowing for more flexible and accurate type interpretation. Furthermore, improvements were made to correctly process nested byte structures and a new schema option was added to optimize encoding for specific row types, contributing to a more efficient and reliable data processing pipeline.

Highlights

Python SDK Logical Type Definition: Completed the pythonsdk_any logical type representation definition, ensuring proper schema translation on the Java side.
Beam SQL PassThroughLogicalType Handling: Implemented support for PassThroughLogicalType in Beam SQL, allowing it to be treated as its underlying base type for correct processing.
Nested Bytes Fix in Beam SQL: Resolved issues related to handling nested bytes within Beam SQL operations.
Compact Encoding Schema Option: Introduced a new compact_nonnull schema option for RowCoderGenerator to enable optimized encoding for static non-null schemas.

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* Complete pythonsdk_any logical type representation def. Otherwise Java side SchemaTranslation for this logical type would fail * Handle PassthroughLogicalType in Beam SQL. Allow Beam SQL treat PassthroughLogicalType as its base type * Fix nested bytes in Beam SQL * Introduce a schema option for compact encoding for static non-null schema

Abacn · 2026-04-16T14:17:35Z

R: @ahmedabu98 would you mind taking a look? Since you've been working on Beam SQL

github-actions · 2026-04-16T14:18:53Z

Stopping reviewer notifications for this pull request: review requested by someone other than the bot, ceding control. If you'd like to restart, comment assign set of reviewers

ahmedabu98

A lot of this was new to me but was mostly able to follow along. Left some comments

ahmedabu98 · 2026-04-16T16:03:14Z

+    Schema.LogicalType<org.apache.beam.sdk.values.Row, org.apache.beam.sdk.values.Row> logicalType =
+        new org.apache.beam.sdk.schemas.logicaltypes.PassThroughLogicalType<


readability nit: import these instead of using fully qualified names?

ahmedabu98 · 2026-04-16T16:08:24Z

+
+  def estimate_size(self, unused_value, nested=False):
+    # type: (Any, bool) -> int
+    # A short is encoded as 2 bytes, regardless of nesting.


nit: cleanup

ahmedabu98 · 2026-04-16T16:12:18Z

+  def recover_to_python_type(input):
+    fields = []
+    for field in input:
+      print(field)


nit: cleanup

ahmedabu98 · 2026-04-16T16:14:46Z

+              UserTypeRow(1, Aribitrary("abc"), -1j),
+          ])
+          | SqlTransform("SELECT arb, complex FROM PCOLLECTION")
+          # TODO: recover to user type. Currently pipeline can run,


Should we create a github issue for this TODO ?

ahmedabu98 · 2026-04-16T16:18:05Z

+                              name="type_byte",
+                              type=schema_pb2.FieldType(
+                                  atomic_type=schema_pb2.BYTE, nullable=False)),
+                          schema_pb2.Field(
+                              name="payload",


Can we create static top-level variables for "type_byte" and "payload" too?

And maybe a comment on what they represent (IIUC it's for FastPrimitivesCoder?)

ahmedabu98 · 2026-04-16T16:25:04Z

+  def recover_to_python_type(input):
+    fields = []
+    for field in input:
+      print(field)
+      if hasattr(field, 'type_byte') and hasattr(field, 'payload'):
+        obj = coders.FastPrimitivesCoder().decode(
+            field.type_byte.to_bytes() + field.payload)
+        fields.append(obj)
+      else:
+        fields.append(field)
+    return tuple(fields)


Should we make this utility public?

github-actions bot added python java extensions sql labels Apr 15, 2026

Abacn force-pushed the support-python-any-2 branch 3 times, most recently from 335b7d9 to f670f41 Compare April 16, 2026 04:04

Abacn changed the title ~~Prerequisites for supporting Python user type for Beam SQL~~ Allow Python user type pass through Beam SQL Apr 16, 2026

Abacn force-pushed the support-python-any-2 branch from f670f41 to a8fa6db Compare April 16, 2026 04:20

Abacn marked this pull request as ready for review April 16, 2026 14:14

ahmedabu98 reviewed Apr 16, 2026

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Allow Python user type pass through Beam SQL#38206

Allow Python user type pass through Beam SQL#38206
Abacn wants to merge 1 commit intoapache:masterfrom
Abacn:support-python-any-2

Abacn commented Apr 15, 2026 •

edited

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		Schema.LogicalType<org.apache.beam.sdk.values.Row, org.apache.beam.sdk.values.Row> logicalType =
		new org.apache.beam.sdk.schemas.logicaltypes.PassThroughLogicalType<

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Abacn commented Apr 15, 2026 •

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